USE-BY DATE - Prevod od engleski do španski

I. by [Am baɪ, Brit bʌɪ] PREP by often appears as the second element of certain verb structures in English (abide by, get by, stand by, etc). For translations, see the relevant verb entry (abide, get, stand, etc).

1.1. by (not later than):

her father told her to be in by 11: el padre le dijo que volviera antes de las 11 or que a las 11 estuviera en casa

they should be there by now: ya deberían estar allí

will it be ready by 5?: ¿estará listo para las 5?

by the time he arrived, most of the others had left: cuando llegó, casi todos los demás se habían ido

1.2. by (during, at):

by day he's a bank clerk and by night a barman: de día es empleado bancario y de noche barman

by day the streets are deserted: durante el día or de día las calles están desiertas

Rome by night: Roma nocturna

Rome by night: Roma de noche

2.1. by (at the side of, near to):

by: al lado de

by: junto a

she went and sat by Neil: fue y se sentó al lado de Neil or junto a Neil

come and sit by me: ven a sentarte a mi lado

come and sit by me: ven a sentarte junto a mí

come and sit by me: ven a sentarte al lado mío controvers

we spent the day by the sea: pasamos el día en la playa or junto al mar

it's right by the door: está justo al lado de la puerta

in the cafe by the station: en el café de al lado de la estación

2.2. by (to hand) Am:

I always keep some money by me: siempre llevo algo de dinero encima

do you have the letter by you?: ¿tiene (usted) la carta (consigo)?

3.1. by (past):

I said hello, but he walked right by me: lo saludé pero él pasó de largo

I think we've already gone by the house: creo que ya hemos pasado la casa

let's go around by the canal: demos la vuelta por el canal

3.2. by (via, through):

by: por

I came in by the back door: entré por la puerta de atrás

by land/sea/air: por tierra/mar/avión

4. by (indicating agent, cause):

by with passive verbs The passive voice is, however, less common in Spanish than it is in English: por

she was brought up by her grandmother: la crió su abuela

she was brought up by her grandmother: fue criada por su abuela

blonde hair bleached by the sun: pelo rubio aclarado por el sol

she was haunted by his memory: su recuerdo la atormentaba

we were forgotten by all our friends: todos nuestros amigos se olvidaron de nosotros

she was accompanied by several members of her family: iba acompañada de varios familiares

a play by Shakespeare: una obra de Shakespeare

it was written by Pinter: fue escrita por Pinter

5.1. by (indicating means, method):

made by hand: hecho a mano

to travel by car/train/plane: viajar en coche/tren/avión

to pay by credit card: pagar con tarjeta de crédito

I sent the letter by registered mail: envié la carta por correo certificado

please reply by return of mail or Brit return of post: le rogamos nos conteste a vuelta de correo

she was reading by the light of a candle: leía a la luz de una vela

to navigate by the stars: guiarse por las estrellas

by moonlight: a la luz de la luna

she grabbed me by the arm: me agarró del brazo

by -ing you won't get anywhere by being negative: no vas a conseguir nada con esa actitud tan negativa

I'll begin by introducing myself: empezaré por presentarme

5.2. by (owing to, from):

by an amazing coincidence: por una de esas casualidades

she is Spanish by birth: es española de nacimiento

he had two children by his second wife: tuvo dos hijos con or de su segunda mujer

by -ing by specializing, she has limited her options: al especializarse, ha restringido sus posibilidades

by being too extreme, they have lost public support: por ser demasiado extremistas, han perdido apoyo popular

6.1. by (according to):

by that clock it's almost half past: según ese reloj son casi y media

it's a good offer by any standards: es una buena oferta se mire por donde se mire

judging by what you say: a juzgar por lo que dices

I'm only going by what I heard: solo me baso en lo que he oído

by the look of things, we're too late: por lo visto or al parecer hemos llegado demasiado tarde

is it all right by you if I smoke?: ¿te importa si fumo?

that's fine by me: por mí no hay problema

6.2. by in interj phrases:

I swear by all that's holy, I never touched a hair of her head: juro por lo más sagrado que no le puse un dedo encima

by God, you'll be sorry you said that!: te juro que te vas a arrepentir de haber dicho eso

by heck, what a fuss over nothing! inf: ¡Jesús! ¡cuánto lío por nada!

7.1. by (indicating rate):

by: por

to sell/buy sth by the meter/kilo: vender/comprar algo por metro(s)/kilo(s)

we are paid by the hour/batch: nos pagan por hora(s)/lote

we gathered apples by the bagful: recogimos bolsas y bolsas de manzanas

they make them by the thousand: hacen miles y miles de ellos

7.2. by (indicating extent of difference):

she broke the record by several seconds: batió el récord en or por varios segundos

I'm taller than you by an inch or two: te llevo una pulgada o dos

I'm taller than you by an inch or two: soy una pulgada o dos más alto que tú

we missed the train by seconds: perdimos el tren por unos segundos

the price has gone up by $500 in a year: el precio ha subido 500 dólares en un año

her popularity has fallen by three per cent: su popularidad ha disminuido (en) un tres por ciento

7.3. by (indicating gradual progression):

one by one: uno por uno

they went in two by two: entraron de dos en dos

they went in two by two: entraron de a dos CSur

you have to learn step by step: tienes que aprender paso a paso

he grows worse day by day: cada día está peor

he grows worse day by day: empeora día a día

little by little: poco a poco

little by little: de a poco CSur

8. by MATH:

by: por

multiply two by three: multiplica dos por tres

divide six by three: divide seis por or entre tres

a room 20ft by 12ft: una habitación de 20 pies por 12

9. by (in compass directions):

north by northeast: nornor(d)este

Phrases:

by oneself (alone, without assistance): solo

I need to be by myself: necesito estar solo or a solas

I don't like to leave them by themselves at night: no me gusta dejarlos solos de noche

can you manage that case by yourself?: ¿puedes tú solo con esa maleta?

they do their homework by themselves: hacen los deberes solos

II. by [Am baɪ, Brit bʌɪ] ADV

1. by (past):

let me by!: ¡déjenme pasar!

she rushed by without seeing me: pasó corriendo y no me vio

they watched the parade march by: vieron pasar el desfile

2. by (aside, in reserve):

I try and put a little money by each week: trato de ahorrar un poco de dinero cada semana

keep some food by, just in case: aparta or reserva algo de comida por si acaso

3. by (to sb's residence):

call or stop by on your way to work: pasa por casa de camino al trabajo

4. by in phrases:

by and by by and by they came to the clearing: al poco rato llegaron al claro

it's going to rain by and by: va a llover dentro de poco

by and large: por lo general

by and large: en general

bye², 'bye Am [Am baɪ, Brit bʌɪ] INTERJ inf

bye: ¡adiós!

bye: ¡chao! esp LatAm inf

bye: ¡chau! esp LatAm inf

bye¹ [Am baɪ, Brit bʌɪ] N

she got a bye into the second round: pasó automáticamente a la segunda vuelta

by the bye he mentioned it by the bye: lo mencionó de pasada

my parents weren't happy about it either, but that's just by the bye: por cierto or a propósito, a mis padres tampoco les hizo mucha gracia

I. date¹ [Am deɪt, Brit deɪt] N

1. date C (of appointment, battle):

date: fecha f

what date is she arriving (on)?: ¿en qué fecha llega?

what's today's date?, what's the date today?: ¿a qué fecha estamos?

at a later date: más tarde

at a later date: en una fecha posterior

closing date: fecha f límite

closing date: fecha f tope

what are his dates? (of birth and death): ¿en qué fechas nació y murió?

to set or fix a date for sth: fijar la fecha para algo

to date: hasta la fecha

to date: hasta el momento

2. date U (period of time) form:

a coin of Roman date: una moneda de la época romana

a friendship of recent date: una amistad reciente

3.1. date inf C (appointment):

date: cita f

Greg has a date with Ana on Sunday: Greg sale con Ana el domingo

she had a dinner date that evening esp Am: la habían invitado a cenar esa noche

3.2. date inf C (person) esp Am :

he's my regular date: estoy saliendo con él

3.3. date inf C (booking):

he's playing three dates in London this month: va a actuar tres veces en Londres este mes

II. date¹ [Am deɪt, Brit deɪt] VB trans

1.1. date (mark with date):

date letter/check: fechar

the letter was dated April 13: la carta estaba fechada el 13 de Abril or tenía fecha del 13 de abril

1.2. date (give date to):

date remains/pottery/fossil: datar

date remains/pottery/fossil: determinar la antigüedad de

2. date (betray age) inf:

remembering that song really dates you: el que recuerdes esa canción demuestra tu edad

3. date (go out with):

date esp Am inf: salir con inf

who's she dating now?: ¿con quién sale ahora?

III. date¹ [Am deɪt, Brit deɪt] VB intr

1. date (originate in):

date: datar

it dates from the 14th century: data del siglo XIV

his title dates back to the 14th century: los orígines de su título se remontan al siglo XIV

2. date (become old-fashioned):

date: pasar de moda

3. date (go on dates) esp Am inf:

he/she started dating at 14: empezó a salir con chicas/chicos a los 14 años

he/she started dating at 14: empezó a noviar a los 14 años LatAm also

he/she started dating at 14: empezó a pololear a los 14 años Chil inf

up-to-date [ˌʌptəˈdeɪt] ADJ

up-to-date figures/information/report:

up-to-date: al día

up-to-date: actualizado

to be up to date (with sth): estar al día or al corriente (de algo)

he brought us up to date on the situation: nos puso al día acerca de la situación

to keep sb/oneself up to date (with/on sth): mantener a alguien/mantenerse al corriente or al tanto (de algo)

out-of-date <pred out of date> [ˌaʊtəvˈdeɪt] ADJ

out-of-date ideas/technology: desfasado

out-of-date ideas/technology: obsoleto

out-of-date ideas/technology: perimido RioPl

out-of-date ticket/check: caducado

out-of-date ticket/check: vencido LatAm

out-of-date clothes: pasado de moda

to be out of date: estar desfasado (or caducado etc.)

date² [Am deɪt, Brit deɪt] N (fruit)

date: dátil m

sell-by date [ˈselbaɪˌdeɪt] N Brit COMM

sell-by date: fecha f límite de venta

eat-by date [ˈi:tbaɪˌdeɪt] N

eat-by date: fecha f de caducidad

fecha de caducidad (de comida): sell-by date

fecha de caducidad: sell-by date

la leche está caducada: the milk is past its sell-by date

el yogur está pasado de fecha: the yogurt is past its sell-by date

I. by [baɪ] PREP

1. by (near):

by: cerca de

close [or near] by ...: cerca de...

to be/lie/stand by ...: estar/yacer/permanecer cerca de...

by the sea: junto al mar

2. by (at):

by: junto a

to remain by sb for two days: quedarse junto a alguien durante dos días

3. by (during):

by day/night: durante el día/la noche

by moonlight: a la luz de la luna

4. by (at the latest time):

by: para

by tomorrow/midnight: para mañana/la medianoche

by now: ahora

by then: para entonces

5. by (cause):

by: por

a novel by Joyce: una novela de Joyce

to be killed by sth/sb: ser matado por algo/alguien

surrounded by dogs: rodeado de perros

6. by (through means of):

by rail/plane/tram: en tren/avión/tranvía

made by hand: hecho a mano

to hold sb by the arm: tomar a alguien por el brazo

to go in by the door: entrar por la puerta

by doing sth: haciendo algo

7. by (through):

by chance/mistake: por suerte/error

8. by (under):

to call sb/sth by their/its name: llamar a alguien/algo por su nombre

what does he mean by that?: ¿a qué se refiere con eso?

9. by (alone):

to be by oneself: estar solo

to do sth by oneself: hacer algo solo

10. by (as promise to):

to swear by God/sth: jurar por Dios/algo

11. by (in measurement, arithmetic):

to buy by the kilo/dozen: comprar por kilo/docenas

to divide by 6: dividir entre 6

to increase by 10%: aumentar en un 10%

to multiply by 4: multiplicar por 4

paid by the hour/day: pagado por hora/día

4 metres by 6: 4 por 6 metros

one by one: uno a uno

12. by (from the perspective of):

to judge by appearances: juzgar por las apariencias

all right by me inf: por mí, de acuerdo

II. by [baɪ] ADV

1. by (near):

by: cerca

to put/lay sth by: poner/dejar algo a mano

2. by (in a while):

by and by: dentro de poco

3. by (past):

to go/pass by: pasar

Phrases:

by and large: en general

use¹ [ju:s] N

1. use (practical application):

use: uso m

2. use no pl (possibility of applying):

use: empleo m

in use: en uso

to be of use to sb: ser de utilidad para alguien

a ban on the use of chemical weapons: una prohibición sobre el uso de armas químicas

the use of drugs: el consumo de drogas

the correct use (of language): el uso correcto (de la lengua)

to make use of sth: utilizar algo

to put sth to use: poner algo en servicio

to be out of use: estar fuera de servicio

to come into use: empezar a utilizarse

to go out of use: quedar en desuso

3. use no pl (purpose):

to be no use: no ser de utilidad

there's no use doing sth: no sirve de nada hacer algo

that's a fat lot of use iron inf: pues sí que ha valido de mucho

it's no use: es inútil

what's the use of doing sth?: ¿de qué sirve hacer algo?

what use is doing sth?: ¿de qué sirve hacer algo?

4. use (consumption):

use: consumo m

I. use² [ju:z] VB trans

1. use (make use of):

use: usar

use one's skills, training: hacer uso de

to use logic: emplear la lógica

to use a name/pseudonym: utilizar un nombre/pseudónimo

to use sth to do sth: utilizar algo para hacer algo

to use sth against sb/sth: utilizar algo en contra de alguien/algo

to use chemical products: emplear productos químicos

to use drugs: consumir drogas

I could use some help inf: podría ayudarme

2. use (employ):

use: emplear

to use common sense: emplear el sentido común

to use discretion: ser discreto

use your head: utilizar la cabeza

3. use (consume):

use: utilizar

use: consumir

to use energy: consumir energía

4. use:

use (manipulate): utilizar

use (exploit): explotar

5. use form (treat in stated way):

to use sb badly/well: tratar mal/bien a alguien

II. use² [ju:z] VB intr

he used to be/do ...: solía ser/hacer...

they used not to enjoy horror films: no les gustaba ver películas de terror

did you use to work in banking?: ¿trabajabas en la banca?

I. date¹ [deɪt] N

1. date (calendar day):

date: fecha f

expiry date, expiration date Am: fecha f de vencimiento

what date is it today?: ¿cuál es la fecha de hoy?

to be out of date FASHION: estar pasado de moda

to be out of date FOOD: estar caducado

2. date (appointment):

date: cita f

to have a date: tener una cita

to make a date with sb: quedar con alguien

3. date FIN:

date: plazo f

4. date Am inf (person):

date: novio(-a) m (f)

II. date¹ [deɪt] VB trans

1. date (recognize age of):

date: fechar

to date sth at ...: fechar algo en...

2. date (give date to sth):

date: asignar una fecha a algo

3. date Am inf (have relationship with):

to date sb: salir con alguien

III. date¹ [deɪt] VB intr

1. date (go back to):

to date back to: remontarse a

2. date (go out of fashion):

date: pasar de moda

date² [deɪt] N

date (fruit): dátil m

date (tree): palmera f datilera

OpenDict unos

by PREP

by (method): mediante

by discussion: mediante discusión

sell-by date [ˈsel·baɪ·ˌdeɪt] N COMM

sell-by date: fecha f límite de venta

fecha de caducidad (de productos): use-by date

fecha de caducidad (de comida): sell-by date

la leche está caducada: the milk is past its sell-by date

el yogur está pasado de fecha: the yogurt is past its sell-by date

I. by [baɪ] PREP

1. by (near):

by: cerca de

close [or near] by...: cerca de...

to be/lie/stand by...: estar/yacer/permanecer cerca de...

by the sea: junto al mar

2. by (at):

by: junto a

to remain by sb for two days: quedarse junto a alguien durante dos días

3. by (during):

by day/night: durante el día/la noche

by moonlight: a la luz de la luna

4. by (at the latest time):

by: para

by tomorrow/midnight: para mañana/la medianoche

by then/now: para entonces/ahora

5. by (cause):

by: por

a novel by Joyce: una novela de Joyce

to be killed by sth/sb: ser matado por algo/alguien

surrounded by dogs: rodeado de perros

6. by (through means of):

by train/plane/bus: en tren/avión/autobús

made by hand: hecho a mano

to hold sb by the arm: tomar a alguien por el brazo

by doing sth: haciendo algo

7. by (through):

by chance/mistake: por suerte/error

8. by (under):

to call sb/sth by their/its name: llamar a alguien/algo por su nombre

what does he mean by that?: ¿a qué se refiere con eso?

9. by (alone):

to be by oneself: estar solo

to do sth by oneself: hacer algo solo

10. by (as promise to):

to swear by God/sth: jurar por Dios/algo

11. by (in measurement, arithmetic):

to buy by the pound/dozen: comprar por libra/docenas

to divide by 6: dividir entre 6

to increase by 10%: aumentar en un 10%

to multiply by 4: multiplicar por 4

paid by the hour/day: pagado por hora/día

4 feet by 6: 4 por 6 pies

one by one: uno a uno

12. by (from the perspective of):

to judge by appearances: juzgar por las apariencias

all right by me inf: por mí, de acuerdo

II. by [baɪ] ADV

1. by (aside):

by: cerca

to put/lay sth by: poner/dejar algo a mano

2. by (in a while):

by and by: dentro de poco

3. by (past):

to go/pass by: pasar

Phrases:

by and large: en general

use¹ [jus] N

1. use (practical application):

use: uso m

2. use (possibility of applying):

use: empleo m

in use: en uso

to be of use to sb: ser de utilidad para alguien

a ban on the use of chemical weapons: una prohibición sobre el uso de armas químicas

the use of drugs: el consumo de drogas

the correct use (of language): el uso correcto (de la lengua)

to make use of sth: utilizar algo

to put sth to use: poner algo en servicio

to be out of use: estar fuera de servicio

to come into use: empezar a utilizarse

to go out of use: quedar en desuso

3. use (purpose):

to be no use: no ser de utilidad

there's no use doing sth: no sirve de nada hacer algo

it's no use: es inútil

what's the use of doing sth?: ¿de qué sirve hacer algo?

what use is doing sth?: ¿de qué sirve hacer algo?

4. use (consumption):

use: consumo m

I. use² [juz] VB trans

1. use (make use of):

use: usar

use one's skills, training: hacer uso de

to use logic: emplear la lógica

to use a name/pseudonym: utilizar un nombre/pseudónimo

to use sth to do sth: utilizar algo para hacer algo

to use sth against sb/sth: utilizar algo en contra de alguien/algo

to use drugs: consumir drogas

I could use some help inf: no me vendría mal algo de ayuda

2. use (employ):

use: emplear

to use common sense: emplear el sentido común

to use discretion: ser discreto

use your head: utiliza la cabeza

3. use (consume):

use: utilizar

use: consumir

to use energy: consumir energía

4. use:

use (manipulate): utilizar

use (exploit): explotar

5. use form (treat in stated way):

to use sb badly/well: tratar mal/bien a alguien

II. use² [juz] VB intr

he used to be/do...: solía ser/hacer...

they used not to enjoy horror films: no les gustaba ver películas de terror

did you use to work in banking?: ¿trabajabas en banca?

I. date¹ [deɪt] N

1. date (calendar day):

date: fecha f

expiration date: fecha de vencimiento

what date is it today?: ¿cuál es la fecha de hoy?

to be out of date FASHION: estar pasado de moda

2. date FIN:

date: plazo f

3. date (appointment):

date: cita f

to have a date: tener una cita

to make a date with sb: quedar con alguien

4. date inf (person):

date: novio(-a) m (f)

II. date¹ [deɪt] VB trans

1. date (recognize age of):

date: fechar

to date sth at...: fechar algo en...

2. date (give date to sth):

date: asignar una fecha a algo

3. date inf (have relationship with):

to date sb: salir con alguien

III. date¹ [deɪt] VB intr

1. date (go back to):

to date back to: remontarse a

2. date (go out of fashion):

date: pasar de moda

3. date (go on dates):

date: salir con alguien

date² [deɪt] N

1. date (fruit):

date: dátil m

2. date (tree):

date: palmera f datilera

Present
I	use
you	use
he/she/it	uses
we	use
you	use
they	use

Past
I	used
you	used
he/she/it	used
we	used
you	used
they	used

Present Perfect
I	have	used
you	have	used
he/she/it	has	used
we	have	used
you	have	used
they	have	used

Past Perfect
I	had	used
you	had	used
he/she/it	had	used
we	had	used
you	had	used
they	had	used

See further verb tables

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Jednojezični primeri (nisu ih verifikovali PONS urednici)

But many workplace designers predict that they are nearing their sell-by date.

raconteur.net

When your sell-by date is up, it is up.

www.mirror.co.uk

Hanging on past one's sell-by date and/or when one is out of kilter with the organisation's objectives and ethos is inappropriate and wrong.

guest.thirdsector.co.uk

The sell-by date on that excuse has long since expired.

www.latimes.com

I don't make music with a sell-by date.

www.independent.ie

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