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I.mess [Brit mɛs, Am mɛs] N

1. mess (untidy state):

mess

désordre m

what a mess!

quel désordre!

what a mess!

quelle pagaille! inf

to make a mess children, workmen:

mettre du désordre

to leave sth in a mess

laisser qc en désordre

the kitchen is (in) a mess

la cuisine est en désordre

to tidy or clear up the mess

mettre de l'ordre

this report is a mess!

ce rapport est fait n'importe comment!

my hair is a mess

je suis complètement décoiffée

you look a mess! Brit, you look like a mess! Am

tu es dans un bel état!

2. mess (muddled state) fig:

my life is a mess

ma vie est un désastre

the economy/country is in a terrible mess

l'économie/le pays est dans une situation catastrophique

to make a mess of the job

massacrer le travail inf

to let things get into a mess

laisser les choses aller à vau-l'eau

how did we get into this mess?

comment a-t-on fait pour en arriver là?

you got us into this mess

c'est toi qui nous as mis dans ce pétrin inf

he'll get us out of this mess

il nous sortira de ce pétrin inf

this is a fine mess you've got Brit or gotten Am us into!

grâce à toi, nous voilà dans de beaux draps!

3. mess (pitiful state) inf:

his face was a mess after the accident

il avait le visage amoché après l'accident inf

he's a mess (psychologically)

il est dans un sale état

he's a mess (incompetent)

il est nul inf

4. mess (excrement):

mess

saletés fpl

the dog made a mess on the lawn

le chien a fait ses saletés sur la pelouse

5. mess (stain):

to make a mess of or on the tablecloth/ carpet

salir la nappe/moquette

to make a mess of oneself (gen)

se salir

to make a mess of oneself (when eating)

manger salement

6. mess MIL:

mess

cantine f

officers' mess (in the army)

mess m

officers' mess (in the navy)

carré m des officiers

7. mess Am inf:

mess

portion f

a mess of greens

une portion de légumes verts

II.mess [Brit mɛs, Am mɛs] VB intr inf (meddle)

to mess with drugs

toucher à

I don't mess with drugs

je ne touche pas à la drogue

don't mess with him, he's dangerous

évite-le, il est dangereux

III.mess [Brit mɛs, Am mɛs]

no messing inf!

sans blagues! inf

to sell one's birthright for a mess of pottage BIBL

vendre son droit d'aînesse pour un plat de lentilles

I.mess about VB [Brit mɛs -, Am mɛs -] inf, mess around VB inf (mess around)

1. mess about (act the fool):

mess about

faire l'imbécile

to mess around with chemicals, matches

jouer avec

don't mess around with drugs

ne touche pas à la drogue

2. mess about (potter):

to mess around in the garden/with friends

s'amuser dans le jardin/avec des amis

3. mess about (sexually):

he messes around

c'est un coureur

to mess around with sb

coucher avec qn

II.mess about VB [Brit mɛs -, Am mɛs -] inf, mess around VB inf (mess [sb] around) inf

mess about

faire tourner qn en bourrique inf

I.mess up VB [Brit mɛs -, Am mɛs -] inf (mess up) Am

mess up

faire l'imbécile

II.mess up VB [Brit mɛs -, Am mɛs -] inf (mess [sth] up, mess up [sth])

1. mess up:

mess up (muddle up) papers

semer la pagaille dans

mess up (get untidy) kitchen

mettre du désordre dans

mess up (dirty) napkin, sheets

salir

2. mess up (do badly):

mess up exam, work

bâcler

3. mess up (ruin):

mess up

gâcher

you've messed things up for everybody

tu as tout gâché pour tout le monde

I've messed up my chances of promotion

j'ai gâché mes chances d'obtenir une promotion

III.mess up VB [Brit mɛs -, Am mɛs -] inf (mess [sb] up)

mess up person:

mess up drugs, alcohol:

détruire

mess up experience:

faire perdre les pédales à qn inf

mess dress N MIL

mess dress

grand uniforme m

mess jacket N MIL

mess jacket

vareuse f

officers' mess N

officers' mess

mess m

dog mess N U inf

dog mess

crotte f de chien

mess kit N Brit

mess kit MIL (uniform)

tenue f de soirée

mess kit (eating utensils)

popote f inf

mess room

mess room → mess hall

vidi i mess hall

mess hall N MIL

mess hall

réfectoire m

mess hall N MIL

mess hall

réfectoire m

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I.mess [mes] N

1. mess (not tidy):

mess

bazar m

mess

margaille f Belg

to be in a mess

être en fouillis

to make a mess

faire un chantier

your work is a real mess

ton travail est fait n'importe comment

2. mess (dirty):

to make a mess on sth

salir qc

3. mess (trouble):

to get oneself into a (bit of a) mess

se mettre dans de beaux draps

to make a mess of sth

massacrer qc

4. mess (animal excrement):

mess

crotte f

5. mess Brit (officer's eating hall):

mess

mess m

II.mess [mes] VB trans inf

1. mess (make untidy):

to mess sth (up)

mettre du désordre dans qc

2. mess (botch up):

to mess sth (up)

gâcher qc

III.mess [mes] VB intr

1. mess (be silly):

mess

faire l'imbécile

2. mess:

mess

manger au mess

mess about, mess around VB intr (have fun)

mess about

s'amuser

to mess about with sth

faire l'imbécile avec qc

it saves us messing about with buses

ça nous évite les embêtements des bus

mess with VB trans

mess with tools, machinery

faire l'imbécile avec

mess with drugs

toucher à

don't mess with me

ne me provoque pas

I.vis-à-vis [ˌvi:zɑ:ˈvi:, Am ˌvi:zəˈvi:] PREP form

vis-à-vis

par rapport à

II.vis-à-vis [ˌvi:zɑ:ˈvi:, Am ˌvi:zəˈvi:] N (person)

vis-à-vis

homologue mf

deism [ˈdeɪɪzəm, Am ˈdi:-] N no pl

deism

déisme m

heist [haɪst] N inf

heist

casse m

jewelry heist

le casse d'une bijouterie

dais [ˈdeɪɪs] N ARCHIT

dais

estrade f

axis [ˈæksɪs] N MATH, POL

axis

axe m

'tis [tɪz]

'tis = it is, be

vidi i be

I.be <was, been> [bi:] VB intr + adj or n

1. be (expresses identity, position, place):

he's be English/a dentist

il est anglais/dentiste

it's a key

c'est une clef

to be in Spain

être en Espagne

the statues are in the Louvre

les statues se trouvent au Louvre

2. be (expresses a state, situation):

I'm cold/hungry

j'ai froid/faim

my hands are cold

j'ai froid aux mains

how are you? — I'm fine

comment vas-tu/allez-vous? — je vais bien

be quiet!

reste(z) tranquille!

to be on a diet

faire un régime

to be on the pill

prendre la pilule

to be on benefit [or welfare Am]

toucher des allocations

3. be (expresses calculation/price):

two and two is four

deux et deux font quatre

this book is 50p

ce livre fait 50 pence

4. be (indicates age):

how old is he? — he's twenty

quel âge a-t-il? — il a vingt ans

5. be (take place):

the meeting is next Tuesday

la réunion a lieu mardi prochain

6. be (exist):

there is/are ...

il y a ...

let her be!

laisse-la tranquille!

7. be (impersonal use):

what is it?

qu'est-ce que c'est?

it's three

il est trois heures

it's cold/windy

il fait froid/du vent

it's rainy

il pleut

it's fair

c'est juste

what's it to be?

ce sera?

as it were

pour ainsi dire

Phrases:

the be-all and end-all

le but suprême

be that as it may

malgré cela

so be it

soit

far be it from sb to +infin

loin de qn l'idée de +infin

II.be <was, been> [bi:] VB aux

1. be (expresses continuation):

he's breathing

il respire

she's still sleeping

elle est encore en train de dormir

it's raining

il pleut

2. be (expresses possibility):

can it be that ...? form

est-ce possible que +subj ?

the exhibition is to be seen at the gallery

on peut voir l'exposition à la galerie

what is he to do?

qu'est-il censé faire?

may I be of service?

je peux vous aider?

3. be (expresses passive):

to be discovered by sb

être découvert par qn

to be left speechless

rester bouche bée

I'm asked to come at seven

on me demande de venir à sept heures

4. be (expresses future):

she's leaving tomorrow

elle part demain

you are to wait here

vous devez attendre ici

we are to meet at seven

on est censé se rencontrer à sept heures

5. be (expresses future in past):

she was never to see her brother again

elle n'allait jamais plus revoir son frère

6. be (in conditionals):

if sb were [or was] were to +infin, ...

si qn devait +infin , ...

if he were to work harder, he'd get better grades

s'il travaillait plus, il aurait de meilleures notes

were sb to +infin, ... form

si qn devait +infin , ...

what's-his-name [ˈwɒtsɪzneɪm, Am ˈwʌt-] N

what's-his-name

machin mf