BY - Prevod od engleski do nemački

u rečniku PONS

I. by [baɪ] PREP

1. by (beside):

by

bei

by

an

a hotel by the river

ein Hotel am Fluss

my desk is by the window

mein Schreibtisch steht am Fenster

come and sit by me

komm und setz dich zu mir [o. neben mich]

by the roadside

am Straßenrand

by sb's side

an jds Seite

2. by (part of sb/sth):

by

bei

to grab sb by the arm

jdn am Arm packen

to seize sb by their hair

jdn am Schopf packen

to take sb by the hand

jdn bei der Hand nehmen

3. by (past and beyond):

by

vorbei

he drove by our house

er ist an unserem Haus vorbeigefahren

she walked by me without speaking

sie ging, ohne etwas zu sagen, an mir vorbei

by the door

durch die Tür

4. by (not later than):

by

bis

by this time next week I'll be on holiday

nächste Woche um diese Zeit bin ich in Urlaub

by five o'clock/tomorrow

[spätestens] bis fünf Uhr/morgen

by 14 February

[spätestens] bis zum 14.02.

by now [or this time]

inzwischen

she ought to have arrived by now

sie müsste inzwischen angekommen sein

by the time ...

bis ...

by the time [that] this letter reaches you I will have left London

wenn dieser Brief dich erreicht, werde ich schon nicht mehr in London sein

5. by (during):

by

bei

they ate by candlelight

sie aßen bei Kerzenlicht

by day/night

tagsüber [o. bei Tag] /nachts [o. bei Nacht]

6. by (happening progressively):

by

für

the children came in two by two

die Kinder kamen in Zweiergruppen herein

the situation becomes worse by the day

die Lage verschlechtert sich von Tag zu Tag

bit by bit

nach und nach

day by day

Tag für Tag

minute by minute

Minute um Minute

minute by minute

im Minutenabstand

7. by (agent):

by

von

by

durch

the cake is made by Anne

der Kuchen ist von Anne [gebacken]

the cake is made by Anne

den Kuchen hat Anne gebacken

an attack by the enemy

ein Angriff durch den Feind

an attack by the enemy

ein Feindangriff

a book/painting by Irene

ein Buch/ein Gemälde von Irene

a decision by his father

eine Entscheidung seines Vaters

8. by (cause):

by

von

by

durch

the damage was caused by fire

der Schaden wurde durch einen Brand verursacht

by chance

durch Zufall

by chance

zufällig

by contrast

im Gegensatz

Richard, by contrast, works very much

Richard hingegen arbeitet sehr viel

death by misadventure

Tod durch Unfall

9. by (with -ing):

you switch it on by pressing this button

man schaltet es ein, indem man auf diesen Knopf drückt

10. by (method):

by

mit

to pay by cheque

mit Scheck bezahlen

to contact sb by letter

jdn anschreiben

11. by (means of transport):

by

mit

to travel by air

fliegen <flog, geflogen>

by boat/bus/car/train

mit dem Schiff/Bus/Auto/Zug

to travel by road

über Land fahren

to travel by sea

auf dem Seeweg reisen

12. by (parent):

by

von

she's his daughter by his second wife

sie ist seine Tochter mit seiner zweiten Frau [o. aus zweiter Ehe]

a black filly by Golden Summer

ein schwarzes Fohlen von Golden Summer

13. by (term):

by

mit

what is meant by ‘cool’?

was bedeutet ‚cool‘?

14. by (name of a person):

by

bei

he mostly calls her by her last name

er redet sie meistens mit ihrem Nachnamen an

15. by (according to):

by

nach

by

von

I'm German by birth

von Geburt bin ich Deutsche

by my watch it's six o'clock

nach meiner Uhr ist es sechs

he could tell by the look on her face that ...

er konnte an ihrem Gesichtsausdruck ablesen, dass ...

by law, he's still a child

dem Gesetz nach [o. laut Gesetz] ist er noch ein Kind

that's all right by me

ich bin damit einverstanden

to live by the rules

sich acc an die Vorschriften halten

by trade [or profession]

von Beruf

16. by (quantity):

he rented the car by the day

er hat den Wagen tageweise gemietet

it's sold by the metre

es wird am Meter verkauft

to sell by the dozen/hundred/thousand

zu Dutzenden/Hunderten/Tausenden verkaufen

to get paid by the hour

stundenweise bezahlt werden

17. by (margin):

by

um

prices went up by 20%

die Preise sind um 20 % gestiegen

the bullet missed her by two centimetres

die Kugel verfehlte sie um zwei Zentimeter [o. ging nur zwei Zentimeter an ihr vorbei]

it would be better by far to ...

es wäre weitaus besser, ...

18. by (measurements):

by

mal

the room measures 5 metres by 8 metres

das Zimmer misst 5 mal 8 Meter

19. by MATH:

8 multiplied by 3 equals 24

8 mal 3 macht 24

8 divided by 4 equals 2

8 geteilt durch 4 ist 2

he multiplied it by 20

er hat es mit 20 multipliziert

20. by (in oaths):

by

bei

I swear by Almighty God that ...

ich schwöre bei dem allmächtigen Gott, dass ...

II. by [baɪ] ADV inv

1. by (past):

by

vorbei

excuse me, I can't get by

Entschuldigung, ich komme nicht vorbei

time goes by so quickly

die Zeit vergeht so schnell

to come by

vorbeikommen

I'll come by tomorrow

ich komme morgen mal vorbei

to drive by

vorbeifahren

to pass by

vorbeikommen

to speed by sb/sth

an jdm/etw vorbeisausen

2. by (near):

by

in der Nähe

close by

ganz in der Nähe

close by

in unmittelbarer Nähe

3. by (in reserve):

to put [or lay] some money by

etwas [Geld] zurücklegen [o. auf die Seite legen]

Phrases:

by and by dated

bald <eher, am ehesten>

by and large

im Großen und Ganzen

by oneself (alone)

allein

to live by oneself

allein leben

by oneself (unaided)

selbst

he can dress by himself

er kann sich selbst [o. alleine] anziehen

by the by

nebenbei bemerkt

where's Jane, by the by?

wo ist denn eigentlich Jane?

abide by VB intr

to abide by sth rule

etw befolgen [o. [ein]halten]

to abide by a law

sich acc an ein Gesetz halten

to abide by a promise

sich acc an ein Versprechen halten

ˈby-elec·tion N esp Brit, Can

by-election

Nachwahl f <-, -en>

ˈby-law, ˈbye-law N LAW

1. by-law (for club or association):

by-law

Satzung f <-, -en>

2. by-law (for corporation):

by-law

Satzung f <-, -en>

3. by-law Brit POL (made by local authority):

by-law

Gemeindeverordnung f

by-law

städtische [o. örtliche] Verordnung

ˈby-prod·uct N

by-product

Nebenprodukt nt <-(e)s, -e>

by-product fig

Begleiterscheinung f <-, -en>

call by VB intr

call by

vorbeischauen inf

I. close-ˈby ADJ pred

close-by

in der Nähe

II. close-ˈby ADV

close-by

in der Nähe

come by VB intr

1. come by (visit):

come by

vorbeischauen

come by

vorbeikommen

to come by for a coffee

auf einen Kaffee vorbeikommen

to come by the house esp Am

vorbeikommen

to come by the house esp Am

vorbeischauen

2. come by (meet):

to come by sb

jdm über den Weg laufen

to come by sth

[zufällig] auf etw acc stoßen

3. come by (obtain):

to come by sth

etw kriegen inf

how did you come by that black eye?

wie bist du denn zu dem blauen Auge gekommen?

to come by an idea

auf eine Idee kommen

do by VB intr

to do badly/well by sb form

jdn schlecht/gut behandeln

to be hard done by

vom Schicksal stiefmütterlich behandelt werden

Phrases:

do as you would be done by Brit saying

was du nicht willst, das man dir tut, das füg auch keinem andern zu prov

ˈdrive-by ADJ attr, inv

drive-by killing/murder

Anschlag m /Mord m von einem vorbeifahrenden Auto aus

drop by VB intr inf

drop by

vorbeischauen inf

drop by

vorbeikommen inf

fly by VB intr

1. fly by (rush):

fly by

vorbeisausen

2. fly by (elapse):

fly by holiday, time

wie im Flug vergehen

get by VB intr

to get by [on [or with] sth]

mit etw dat auskommen

go by VB intr

1. go by (move past):

go by

vorbeigehen

go by vehicle

vorbeifahren

2. go by (of time):

go by

vergehen

in days gone by form

in früheren Tagen

the house was a railway station in days gone by

das Haus war früher einmal eine Bahnstation

3. go by Am (visit):

to go by sb

bei jdm vorbeischauen inf

4. go by (be guided by):

to go by sth

nach etw dat gehen

going by what they said ...

nach dem, was sie gesagt haben, ...

that's not much to go by

das hilft mir nicht wirklich weiter

if this is anything to go by ...

wenn man danach gehen kann, ...

to go by the book

sich acc an die Vorschriften halten

to go by the rules

sich acc an die Regeln halten

5. go by (be known by):

to go by the name of MacKentyre

MacKentyre heißen

when she writes, she goes by the name of JoAnn Gouvney

als Autorin kennt man sie unter dem Namen JoAnn Gouvney

6. go by (not challenge):

to let sth go by

etw über sich acc ergehen lassen

7. go by (not take advantage of):

to let sth go by chance, opportunity

sich dat etw acc entgehen lassen

happen along, happen by VB intr Am inf

happen along (by chance)

zufällig vorbeikommen

happen along (unexpectedly)

unerwartet vorbeikommen

we happened by your house

wir kamen zufällig an eurem Haus vorbei

hard ˈby PREP liter

hard by

[sehr] nahe bei +dat

Present

I	abide by
you	abide by
he/she/it	abides by
we	abide by
you	abide by
they	abide by

Past

I	abided by / old abode by
you	abided by / old abode by
he/she/it	abided by / old abode by
we	abided by / old abode by
you	abided by / old abode by
they	abided by / old abode by

Present Perfect

I	have	abided by / old abode by
you	have	abided by / old abode by
he/she/it	has	abided by / old abode by
we	have	abided by / old abode by
you	have	abided by / old abode by
they	have	abided by / old abode by

Past Perfect

I	had	abided by / old abode by
you	had	abided by / old abode by
he/she/it	had	abided by / old abode by
we	had	abided by / old abode by
you	had	abided by / old abode by
they	had	abided by / old abode by